Friday, June 30, 2006
Routing with ODR. (Problem #76)
On-demand Routing (ODR) is an interesting option for use in hub and spoke configurations. This is a subject that is included in the CCIE and CCNP exams but it is my impression that this gets short shrift in the usual preparation material for these exams. This blog post poses a problem that occurs while running ODR in a small network.
Consider the above network with one hub and two spoke routers. The hub router is running ODR. The configuration of the three routers is given below
HUB
SPOKE1
SPOKE2
Now when the routing table on the HUB router is checked, we see the following
Note that there is an ODR route to 1.1.1.1/32 as we expect but none to 3.3.3.3/32 as would have been expected.
What is the reason for the missing ODR learnt route to 3.3.3.3/32? How can this be fixed such that an ODR route to 3.3.3.3/32 gets installed in the routing table of the HUB router?
Consider the above network with one hub and two spoke routers. The hub router is running ODR. The configuration of the three routers is given below
HUB
hostname HUB
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface Serial2
ip address 23.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 23.1.1.2 223
frame-relay interface-dlci 223
no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
router odr
!
ip classless
SPOKE1
hostname SPOKE1
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0
ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
SPOKE2
hostname SPOKE2
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial2
ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 23.1.1.1 322
frame-relay interface-dlci 322
no frame-relay inverse-arp
Now when the routing table on the HUB router is checked, we see the following
HUB#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
o 1.1.1.0 [160/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:08, Ethernet0/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
Note that there is an ODR route to 1.1.1.1/32 as we expect but none to 3.3.3.3/32 as would have been expected.
What is the reason for the missing ODR learnt route to 3.3.3.3/32? How can this be fixed such that an ODR route to 3.3.3.3/32 gets installed in the routing table of the HUB router?
